PARTS OF A PC

A computer has various parts and each part performs a specific function. In this chapter, you will learn about some of the important parts of computers and their functions. Some important parts of the computer are shown in Figure. A computer system  unit,often simply called a box, consists of various internet such as motherboard,video card and sound card. Typical external  componets attached to a computer include monitor,keyboard,mouse and printer.Connecting the PCThe followinh points will help you to understand how these parts are connected to each other through cables.§    The system  unit is connected to power supply.
§    The monitor is connected to the system unit and to the power supply. Some monitors draw power directly from the system unit.
§    The keyboraed is connected to the system unit.
§    The mouse is connectedto the system unit.
§    The printer is connected  to the system unit and to the power supply.
§    Other hardware devices, such as scanners and speakers are connected to the system unit and to the power supply.
The Input-Process-Output CycleAny activity, whether simple or comple, follows the basic principle of input-process. For example, consider the simpletask of making tea. The task requires tes leaves, water, sugar and milk as the input. The process includes boiling water,brewing tea leaves, straining and adding milk and sugar. The hot cup of tea that results at the end of the process is the output. Computer also work on the input-process-output principle. Input refers to the data and instructions given to the computer. Process refers towhat the computer does with the data. Output refers to the result of the process. For example, you want the computer to do a simple calculation; the multiplication of tow number 46 and 29. you must first provide the input and specify the process. Here, number 45 and 29 are the input and multiplication is the process. The computer performs the multiplication process on the given inputs. This process results in 1105 as the ouput. INPUT   PROCESS   OUTPUT         

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Desktops and Towers

Desktop computers are usually placed on desks or tables, hence the name desktop. The  best place for a tower computer is under the desk. Because the difference between desktops and towers is so insignificant, most people refer to all stationary computers as desktops. You can spot desktops in many office environments.

Laptops and Notebooks

Laptops are small portable computers weighinh a few kilograms. Modern laptops are often called notebook computers becayse of their small size. Notebooks aretypically 3 inches or less inthickness. Well-known manufacturers of laptops and notebooks. Laptops and notebooks are equipped with a Liquid Crystal Display screen and can operate on batteries, thus providing mobility to users.LCD is a type of display used in digital watches, only on a much smaller scale.

Handheld

Handheld computers are small portable computers designed to fit your pocket. These computers are generally not as powerful as desktop or notebooks, but neverthless are useful for specific tasks. Handheld computer are designed to facilitate everyday functions, such asusing a calendar and keeping an address book. They can be used to maintain notes, task list and details of appointment.

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The Personal Computer

The most popular type of computer used nowadays is the personal computer,referred to as a PC. A personal computer is a computer designed to used by one individual at a time. Individuals and organizations use these computers for applications, such as accounting, statistical analysis and graphic design. However are more powerful computers than PCs for , mainframes and supercomputers.

               Personal computers can be classified into two major categories namely stationary and portable computers.Stationary computers are desktop and tower computers. Portable computer include laptops, handheld computers and Tablet PCs.

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Benefits and Limitations of Copmputers

The benefits of computers to education include higher education satisfaction and higher learning outcomes. Navertheless, computers can truly be beneficial only if users are able to provide accurate and adequate input.Benefits of ComputersSome of the benefits of computers. High speed§ Computers have the ability to perform routine tasks at a greater speed than human beings.They can perform complex calculations in seconds.Teachers can use computers to prepare make lists quickly,instead of preparing them manually.
§  Accuracy
When a task is performed manually, there is always a possibility of human error.Computers can be used to perform tasks in a way that ensures accuracy.      However, if the input given to the computer is incorrect, the output will also be incorrect.    Storage§ Computers can store large amounts of information. After the information is stored, it can be retrieved as needed.you can ues computers to store the details of all the students in the school. You can use the information to perform different kinds of analyses. For example, you might want to track the correlation between your students’ performance and the educational backgrounds of their Parents.
§ Automation
Computers can be indtructed to perform complex tasks automatically. Example ,you want to generate a report showing the average performance of all your student during the previous year, you can use a computer to accomplish this efficiently. Automation canincrease your productivity.§ Diligence
Computers can perform the same task repeatedly and with the same accuracy, without getting tried.§Versatility
Computers can be used to perform both simple and complex task.§ Cost effecitiveness
Computers reduce the amount of paperwork and human effort, thereby reducing costs 

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Digital Communication In Education

With the rapid changes in technology, many educational institutions are using the internet for distance education programs. The internet is an interconnection of thousands of computers across the globe and very powerful communication.Distance educator can use e-mail for sending messages over the internet, gathering feedback, making important announcements and for other communication. Learners can send their feedback and queries through e-mail and receive responses from educators. Education and learners can also participate in newsgroups. There are thousands of newsgroups available on the internet. On a wide variety of topics. E-mail stands for electronic mail. E-mail can be used to send and receive messages over a computer network. A newsgroup is an online discussion forum where the user can post and view messages.School have also started using multimedia during various meetings and functions, such as their Annual Day celebrations, where the annual report, the credits for the play and the honour list are displayed on a huge screen. Similar presentations are also made during parent teacher association meeting. Online Tests and Publishing of Test ResultsStudent can take online tests by using the computer and get results instantly. Several universities post their examination forms on their Web sites. Students can go to the Web site and fill and sibmit the examination form over internet, instead of filling it up on paper and sending it through post. Various universities and school examination boards, such as the central Board of Secondary Education and other state boards, also provide examination results over the internet. Students can thereby view the results within few minutes their announcement. A web site is a location on the world wide web. The world wide web is a system of servers on the internet that support documents formatted in hypert text markup lahguage. HTML is the amin language used to create web pages. A web apge is adocument on the world wide web identified by a unique uniform Resource Locator. 

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